Type 2 diabetes preventive effects with a 12-months sardine-enriched diet in elderly population with prediabetes: An interventional, randomized and controlled trial

BackgroundFish could play a role in preventing type 2 diabetes (T2D) but there has been little specification about the of fish and preventive mechanism involved its health claim. The sardine is source omega-3 taurine that, isolation or synergy, would produce T2D-delaying through different molecular mechanism.HypothesisThe consumption twice week sardine, during one year reduce T2D-developing risk population with prediabetes (preDM) old age.Design152 subjects fasting glucose between 100-124 mg/dL aged ?65 yo were recruited from three primary care centers Barcelona randomly distributed among two interventional groups: control group (CG) (SG). Both groups received same T2D-prevention nutritional only SG had to add 200 g per week. All variables collected before start at end diet. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03557541).Results152 people randomized into CG (n=77) (n=75) 18 12 drop outs respectively. Subjects SG, significantly compared CG, decreased percentage classified-individuals very high develop T2D according FINDRISC (p=0.035). In addition increasing HDL-cholesterol adiponectin decreasing triglycerides (p<0.05) blood pressure (<0.05), showed lower HOMA-IR (p=0.032). characteristics nutrients as omega-3, EPA DHA, vitamin D, fluorine higher for (p<0.05). These results agreed increased taurine, fatty acid (FA) bile acids circulating metabolites Changes erythrocyte membrane FA detected decrease 5 omega-6 (p<0.001) an increase 3 types (p<0.001).ConclusionWe conclude that diet supplementation greater protective effect against developing CV events. Fish mechanism. age. 152 NCT03557541). (p<0.001). We